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Table 1 Heterogeneity and pleiotropy test results of genetic variants

From: Causal effect of gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a Mendelian randomization study

Gut microbiota

Heterogeneity

Pleiotropy

MR-PRESSO

MR Egger

IVW

MR Egger regression

Global Test

Cochran’s Q

P-value

Cochran’s Q

P-value

Egger intercept

P-value

RSSobs

P-value

Order Bacteroidales

15.356

0.167

15.497

0.215

0.009

0.756

17.487

0.271

Genus Eubacterium ventriosum

4.886

0.978

4.928

0.987

-0.008

0.840

5.532

0.992

Genus Ruminococcus gauvreauii

7.149

0.521

8.626

0.473

0.049

0.259

10.636

0.517

Genus Akkermansia

9.237

0.323

9.267

0.413

0.006

0.876

11.398

0.471

Genus Coprococcus 1

4.362

0.930

5.285

0.917

-0.024

0.359

6.226

0.935

Genus Erysipelotrichaceae (UCG003)

8.428

0.866

8.476

0.903

0.006

0.829

9.624

0.933

Genus Marvinbryantia

4.919

0.766

5.135

0.822

-0.022

0.655

6.219

0.846

Genus Parasutterella

4.045

0.969

6.514

0.888

0.061

0.144

7.858

0.893

  1. IVW, inverse variance weighted; MR-PRESSO, Mendelian Randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier