Characteristics | With no IR-related features (n = 64) | With IR-related features (n = 53) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Male (n, %) | 26 (40.6%) | 22 (41.5%) | 1.000 |
Age (years) | 27.5 (23.6, 33.1) | 23.2 (19.6, 32.3) | 0.087 |
Age at onset (years) | 23.6 (18.1, 29.5) | 17.6 (13.1, 25.4) | 0.010 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 2.8 (1.4, 6.2) | 5.3 (1.9, 10.0) | 0.076 |
Preserved residual β-cell function (n, %) | 36 (56.2%) | 28 (52.8%) | 0.855 |
HbA1c (%) | 7.0 (6.3, 8.3) | 7.6 (6.6, 9.3) | 0.041 |
Hyperglycemia exposure score | -0.65 (-1.15, 0.41) | 0.32 (-0.47, 1.25) | 0.001 |
Daily insulin dose (u/kg/day) | 0.54 (0.44, 0.66) | 0.70 (0.52, 0.83) | < 0.001 |
History of DK/DKA (n, %) | 49 (76.6%) | 50 (94.3%) | 0.017 |
Diabetic complications (n, %) | 1 (1.6%) | 10 (18.9%) | 0.002 |
Hypoglycemia episodes of the previous month | 2.0 (1.0, 5.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 0.004 |
Education (years) | 15.0 (12.0, 16.0) | 15.0 (12.0, 16.0) | 0.115 |
BDI | 5.0 (3.0, 12.0) | 5.0 (2.0, 9.0) | 0.257 |
STAI-S | 36.0 (30.0, 43.0) | 38.0 (29.5, 43.0) | 0.567 |
STAI-T | 35.0 (31.0, 43.0) | 37.0 (32.0, 42.0) | 0.919 |
Global cognitive performance | 0.15 (-0.27, 0.45) | -0.11 (-0.73, 0.16) | 0.008 |
WMS-RC | Â | Â | Â |
General memory | 0.17 (-0.43, 0.57) | -0.12 (-0.71, 0.46) | 0.070 |
Verbal memory-immediate | 7.5 (6.1, 8.6) | 7.0 (5.0, 8.9) | 0.349 |
Verbal memory-delayed | 6.0 (4.2, 8.0) | 5.5 (3.4, 7.0) | 0.099 |
Visual memory-immediate | 11.0 (9.0, 12.0) | 10.0 (8.0, 11.5) | 0.034 |
Visual memory-delayed | 10.0 (8.0, 11.0) | 9.0 (8.0, 11.0) | 0.392 |
WCST parameters | Â | Â | Â |
General executive function | 0.18 (-0.34, 0.66) | -0.16 (-0.76, 0.29) | 0.025 |
Total errors | 49.0 (44.0, 53.0) | 47.0 (40.0, 50.5) | 0.054 |
Non-perseverative errors | 47.0 (43.5, 55.0) | 46.0 (41.0, 49.5) | 0.108 |
Preservative errors | 47.0 (40.5, 54.0) | 45.0 (37.5, 49.0) | 0.036 |
Completed categories | 4.0 (3.0, 4.0) | 3.0 (2.5, 4.0) | 0.027 |
SART parameters | Â | Â | Â |
General sustained attention | 0.21 (-0.40, 0.54) | -0.14 (-0.53, 0.40) | 0.064 |
Omission error | 0.01 (0.00, 0.02) | 0.01 (0.01, 0.04) | 0.205 |
Commission error | 0.28 (0.16, 0.56) | 0.48 (0.32, 0.68) | 0.026 |
IIV | 0.23 (0.18, 0.28) | 0.26 (0.20, 0.32) | 0.021 |
Reaction time (ms) | 360.1 (315.4, 492.7) | 359.9 (304.5, 409.5) | 0.204 |