Table 1 Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of the study cohort stratified according to absence/presence of Metabolic syndrome (MetS⁻/MetS⁺).

Demographic factors

Age, Mean ± SD

73.51 ± 5.62

73.73 ± 5.81

ns

Sex, male %

54%

54%

ns

Anthropometric parameters, Mean ± SD

Body mass index, kg/m²

25.55 ± 3.86

29.85 ± 3.36

< 0.001

Waist circumference, cm

90.38 ± 11.25

102.90 ± 10.29

< 0.001

Hip circumference, cm

100.33 ± 9.81

111.0 ± 11.02

< 0.001

Waist-to-Hip ratio

0.89 ± 0.062

0.92 ± 0.098

0.15

Clinical parameters, Mean ± SD

Triglycerides, mg/dl

113.68 ± 50.26

143.42 ± 58.35

< 0.001

HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL

60.51 ± 13.88

50.63 ± 14.07

< 0.001

LDL cholesterol, mg/dl

124.39 ± 34.87

119.05 ± 35.95

ns

Total cholesterol, mg/dl

207.63 ± 39.60

198.39 ± 41.87

ns

Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL

102.85 ± 22.67

124.89 ± 43.62

< 0.001

Glycated hemoglobin, %

5.47 ± 0.76

5.94 ± 1.02

< 0.001

Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index

4.63 ± 0.21

4.84 ± 0.21

< 0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

132.83 ± 16.23

137.38 ± 14.01

0.018

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

75.77 ± 8.53

76.87 ± 8.99

ns